BIS'98 Proceedings

 Table of Contents

Inauguration Session

E-Commerce

Rainer Thome

Electronic commerce (ec) is the integrated digital completion of all information interactions related to business processes. There are numerous fields in which ec will be applied. The new concepts of the electronic marketplaces offer a completely integrated way to run business. Many enterprises now have the chance to go into regional markets in which they had never been before, but on the other hand, they will meet competitors completely unknown till now.

 Internet Groupware Technologies - Past, Present, and Future

Marek Podgorny,

Krzysztof Walczak,

Dave Warner,

Geoffrey C. Fox

The article discusses recent developments in groupware, with special focus on synchronous collaboratory. Commercial systems are briefly presented, followed by a discussion of main research topics in the current groupware research programs. We discuss actual implementation of a synchronous groupware using as an example TANGO Interactive, a collaboratory designed and implemented in NPAC. The article is concluded by presentation of the concept of Intermental Computer, a model for the ultimate synchronous Internet Collaboratory.

Workflow

Workflow Management Cycle

- An Integrated Approach

to the Modelling, Execution,

and Monitoring of Workflow

Based Processes

Hermann Krallmann,

Gérard Dersztele

The modeling of effective and efficient process structures is important if reengineering projects are to be successful. However in addition to this, methodical and technical support for implementing and monitoring these processes is also becoming a key factor. This article presents a cyclic model for the holistic management of workflow based processes. The approach integrates common reengineering and workflow tools. The aim is continuous improvement of the corporation’s flow structure.

 Business Objects in BPAFrame2

Christian Mittasch

This contribution focuses on business objects in the software-infrastructure of organizations. The strategy of reuse software –components as business objects is demonstrated in the case of BPAFrame (Framework for Business Process Automation). BPAFrame realizes a framework for workflow management control constructed on top of business objects for workflow and resources. It uses the suite of specification of OMG-CORBA (Object Management Group: Common Object Request Broker Architecture). The paper discusses problems of establishing and maintaining Business Objects in the context of OMG standardization efforts based on the experiences with BPAFrame.

 Distributed Global

Enterprise Directories

Implemented as Organizational Subsystems to WfMS

Marcus Ott,

Ludwig Nastansky

At BIS’97 we have demonstrated how structural organization design takes place in its traditional form and attributes of an effective organization design process have been examined. A vision of an organization design process has been presented together with a possible architecture of application environment.

This report will go on from there and show the first implementation results of the GroupOrga (Groupware Based Organization Design) project.

The major concern of this manuscript is the establishment of a global enterprise directory for support of business information and workflow systems. As a first focus some impediments to distributed organization design will be named and commented upon. Since these hindrances have been encountered in discussion in practice over the last year, they are quite interesting for practitioners in the business information systems field.

In the following, parts of our concerte distributed organizational subsystem, the GroupOrga system, will be demonstrated. The GroupOrga organization repository will be deal with, and some graphical tool (C++ and JAVA tools ) from the GroupOrga toolset will also be shown. Furthermore, it will be made clear how replication technology supports data replication in the scenario of distributed organization data databases. Some of the obstacles to distributed organization design will be addressed, and their possible technological circumvention will be suggested.

Concluding, recommendations are given on how to proceed in the area of global enterprise repositories and their distributed management and administration.

Modeling of Information Systems

Object Oriented Development of Business Information Systems

- Approaches and Misconceptions

Leszek A. Maciaszek 

The popularity of object technology as an implementation technique has perpetrated the entire lifecycle of systems development. Slowly but surely, structured analysis and design methods are being replaced by object approaches. The trend seems unstoppable and object analysis and design is applied almost independently of application domains and software implementation platforms. This includes the development of business information systems to be deployed on relational database software. As a result many „established” analysts and designers challenge the sanity of this change in software development practices and come up with questions for which answers are not always easy. In this article, I try to identify the more difficult of these questions and attempt to provide background explanations before declaring my position on each issue.

From Data Modeling

to Knowledge Modeling

- Frameworks and Tools

August-Wilhelm Scheer,

Claudia Kocian,

Ursula Markus

This article describes the evolution from data modeling over information modeling to knowledge modeling. Three allied business concepts- Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Business Process Reengineering and Knowledge Management-and their corresponding frameworks such ea the „ARIS-House of Business Engineering „ are analyzed in regard to their objectives, methods and tools. Furthermore, main organizational changes evolved from these business concepts and their underlying reasons are discussed.

Podejście adaptacyjne

w zarządzaniu systemami gospodarczymi

Orest Popow,

J. Sołdek,

T. Tretiakowa

The paper presents some ways of applying modern control theory methods to problems of production management. A concept for the creation of informative-manager systems for problems of production management is proposed. The core of the concept is the thesis concerning the use of an identification approach to the problem of designing mathematical models of economic systems. These are concerned with particular means of employing an adaptive control theory in the field of production management On this basis , new opportunities of adaptation of economic systems to changeable conditions of external economic space, and also for the forecasting of a system’s development are opened. Generalized structures of information-management maintenance of a management system are shown. The rules of computer-aided management are presented and the process of a management system’s creation in shown.

W artykule sformułowano i przedstawiono nową koncepcje stworzenia nowego systemu wspomagania informacyjno-sterującego dla celu zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem. Jądrem koncepcji jest teza o możliwości wykorzystania podejścia identyfikacyjnego w budowie modeli matematycznych systemów gospodarczych. Na tej podstawie powstają nowe możliwości adaptacji produkcji (systemu gospodarczego) do zmieniających się warunków wewnętrznej przestrzeni ekonomicznej, a także dla prognozowania rozwoju systemu. W pracy także pokazano i uzasadniono strukturę informacyjno-decyzyjną wspomagania zarządzania systemem gospodarczym (przedsiębiorstwem).

Wykazano, że stan współczesnych metod i środków informatyki, w szczególności w zakresie interfejsów użytkownika i wizualizacji, stwarza warunki dla praktycznej realizacji przedstawionej koncepcji adaptacyjnego zarządzania wielkim systemem gospodarczym.

Applications of

Graph Grammar Theory

to Conceptual Modelling

of Information Systems

Stanisław Bajor

Conceptual modeling is now recognized as an essential step in the development of software for information systems. Currently, many different conceptual techniques exist. The application of information system development methods makes no sense without a proper automated support tool. In this paper sequential graph rewriting system are presented as a formalism for the specification of diagram modeling languages.

    The main idea is to represent diagrams by (formal) graphs whose nodes are enriched with attributes. Then any manipulation of a diagram can be expressed in terms of manipulation of its underlying attributes representation graph. The current database state may be represented by an attributed graph. Then, the semantics of database actions is given by programmed graph replacements.

Using Graphical Design Criteria in

Developing New Diagrams

Donald C. McDermid

Developing new diagrammatic techniques is a complex demanding activity. Any mechanism for improving the quality of the end product is to be welcomed. This paper introduces the idea of reviewing graphical design criteria against features of a diagram as a means of assessing and possibly improving the quality of the diagram. This review process is demonstrated by evaluating a technique called the Business Rules Diagram against a reasonably comprehensive set of criteria from the literature. An analysis of this exercise is then undertaken from which emerges two broad types of recommendation. The first is in the area of improving and adding to the ecaluation criteria; the second is in identifying specific improvements to the diagram itself.

BIS for Financial Institutions

 Towards

the Information System

of the Future

Hans-Peter Frei

With the widespread use of the Internet, more information than ever before has become generally accessible. Browsers allowing us to navigate the Word Wide Web (WWW) conveniently connect us to numerous information repositories, and it is commonly said that thanks to the Web we have all kinds of information to a distance of just a few mouse click. However, connecting to know data sources is much easier than finding the desired information.

    As a matter of fact, the „information space” has become more and more complex and only expert users are able to collect the desired information from such a large variety of sources. It is not only the number of sources that has increased, but also the different types of media further intensify the problem of accessing information. We are developing an information system that can deal with heterogeneous sources and allows the user to access information by issuing a single query, without having to worry about whether a database, a news wire, an HTML file, or even a file system is accessed.

Some Financial Applications

of Public Key

Marc Girault

The goal of this paper is to show the increasing relevance of so-called „public key cryptography” in business information systems, and especially in financial applications. Contrary to conventional cryptography, public key cryptography makes (financial) transactions secure, without requiring that the parties involved share any secret in common. This unique feature allows a banking card to prove its genuineness to a point of sale, a company to transfer electronic funds to a bank, or a customer to pay on-line a service to a merchant, by using very flexible procedures and minimizing the requirements on the tamper-resistance of the devices used. It is very likely that public key will deeply penetrate real life in the coming years- including our pockets, since it will reach all the banking cards no later than 2000 or 2002...

Financial Product Representation

and Development

- Combining

Object-oriented Techniques

with a Rule-based Approach

Jürgen Seitz,

Eberhard Stickel

Increased competitiveness of the individual services industry forces financial institutions to develop new products that fit individual needs of their customers in shorter time. It is necessary to develop suitable information systems that support the process of designing, counseling and selling financial products. In this paper a general object-oriented methodology for the abstract representation of bank products is presented. Common properties and capabilities of products (of different lines of business) are identified. This allows reusability of product components in various products and also of software components in different financial institution. The rule-based approach allows a strict separation of programming code and important constrains.

New Delivery Technology

for Financial Services

and the Changing Role

of Financial Intermediaries

Hans U. Buhl,

Andreas Will

The availability of worldwide access to the information infrastructure for firms as well as for private households opens up new business opportunities for financial intermediaries. On the other hand the information infrastructure increases competition among the intermediaries in a global context. In this paper we report on the results of two projects our research group is presently conducting. We start out with sketching preliminary results of a long-term government project geared to reveal efficiency conditions for successful electronic commerce particularly in the financial services field. We address questions relating to the innovative use of new channels for distributing financial services focusing on Internet banking. Our government research funds are devoted to advise German financial services firms on their way into the digital economy and particularly to advise German banks in applying Internet technology in nove ways to new and promising applications. Thus, along with the research sketched above, we are engaged in a joint project with an innovative German bank, the Munich-based Advance Bank. This dirty banking firm is currently extending its telephone banking technology by simultaneously employing Internet communication for consultation-intensive customer processes such as mortgage loans (intelligently combined with other financial products). Based on our joint project, we presents a brief case study of the bank’s market and technology strategy. We finally discuss the changing role of financial intermediaries on the markets on networks like the Internet.

Problem Roku 2000

w bankowości polskiej

Bogdan Pilawski

The nature of the year 2000 problem in Information Technology is now quite widely know. Now the center of attention seems to be moving other aspect of the matter. These are the social, psychological, economic and political issues resulting from the problem.

During the same time we will also face new, similar however of lesser scale problems, which Information Technology in Polish banks will have to cope with soon. These are: Single European Currency, adapting to requirements of new law on personal data and bringing data processing systems in line with regulations of the new Banking Law.

All those tasks which need to be performed in parallel and completed in the near future, constitute quite a challenge and risk for information technology in Polish banking.

Istota problemu 2000 w informatyce jest już znana dość szeroko. Obecnie centrum uwagi zdaje się przesuwać na inne aspekty tej sprawy. Są to zagadnienia społeczne, psychologiczne, ekonomiczne i polityczne wynikające z problemu.

W tym samym czasie napotykamy nowe, podobne, chociaż o mniejszej skali problemy, którym informatyka w polskich bankach będzie wkrótce musiała spotkać. Są to: wspólna waluta europejska, dostosowanie do wymogów nowej ustawy o chorobie danych osobowych i doprowadzenie systemów przetwarzania danych do zgodności z nowym Prawem Bankowym.

Wszystkie te zadania, które muszą bić wykonywane równolegle i zakończone w bliskiej przyszłości, stanowią spore wyzwanie i ryzyko dla informatyki w polskiej bankowości.

Organizational Aspects

of Data Security

in Banking Computer Systems

Dariusz Wawrzyniak

This paper presents some of the subject connected with the organizational aspect of data security in banking. It emphasizes the special role of the Document of Security Principles, shows the structure of the Document and its contents. Some of the main points of the Document are briefly described. The risk analysis is also the important point of the paper . The problems concerning the analysis like the classification of information are also explained here.

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia związane z organizacyjnymi aspektami ochrony danych w bankowych systemach informatycznych. Podkreślono szczególną uwagę Dokumentu zasad bezpieczeństwa- podstawowego dokumentu formalizującego założenia przyjętej przez organizację metodyki ochrony informacji. Szczegółowiej omówiono jedno z podstawowych zagadnień zawartych w Dokumencie- problem szkoleń użytkowników systemu informatycznego. Przedstawiono ogólne zasady przeprowadzenia analizy ryzyka- jednego z elementów tworzenia systemu zabezpieczeń, a także potencjalne skutki błędnych decyzji podejmowanych w trakcie tego procesu.

Virtual Organisations

Systemy informacyjne

w organizacji wirtualnej

Bernard F. Kubiak,

Antoni Korowicki 

This article shows information management in the Virtual Organization (VO) which is determined by two-level Management Systems. Also globalization of design, production and distribution processes in the VO and among its partners (Partner Enterprises- PE) have been described. Interorganisation Information System (IOS) which are well adapted to the interaction with Internet, Intranet, e-mail, EDI and infomedia meet information requirements of VO and PE. And outlook is given on possible categories of these systems (IOS).

W opracowaniu przedstawiono zarządzanie informacją w organizacji wirtualnej (OW), determinowane dwupoziomowym jej systemem zarządzania. Omówiono również globalizację procesów projektowania, produkcji i wymiany w OW i przedsiębiorstwach partnerskich (PP), których obsługę informatyczną zapewniają międzyorganizacyjne  systemy informacyjne (ang. Interorganizational Information System- IOS), przystosowane do współpracy z Internetem, Intranetem, pocztą elektroniczną, EDI i infomediami.

Virtual Organization

as a Product

of the Information Society

Jerzy Kisielnicki

The aim of this article is to present basic principles of operating of a new type of organization- virtual organization. Virtual organization is a product of the information society. This idea is based on the free access rule. The reason for creating virtual organizations is to increase profits. The profit of individual companies operating as virtual organizations is bigger than in the case of operating separately. Virtual organizations are the result of Information Technology (Networks, Databases). The Author presents: aims, principles, activities, strategic analysis and future tendencies of virtual organization application.

Logistics

Application of

the Statistical Process Control

in Logistics

Adam Hamrol,

Stanisław Krzyżaniak 

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a method widely used for control of manufacturing process. It is based on statistical analysis of measurement data of selected parameters of a machining process. The results of the analysis show whether the deviations from a desired level are purely radon or a significant, systematic factor has appeared. This supports corrective decisions and helps keep the quality parameters within given limits.

    The paper presents possible application of this methods in the field of logistic. Computer controlled logistic systems provide numerous logistic indicators which can be analyzed by means of SPC methods. The results can help undertake improvements in the system performance.

    One of the most interesting field of application is control of service level indicators. Paralleled measurements and statistical control (by means of the SPC method) of few indicators may help, for example, find sources of significant decrease of the assumed service level. Theoretical considerations are supported by a practical example.

Wpływ logistyki

na integrację

systemów informatycznych

Stefan Abt

W artykule omówiono procesy integracyjne systemów informatycznych na tle procesów integracyjnych systemów logistycznych. Ukazując rozwój złożonych systemów komputerowego wspomagania zarządzania, wskazano na dążenie do zintegrowania systemów logistycznych. Oznacza to potrzebę integracji w skali przedsiębiorstwa, w skali łańcucha logistycznego, a nawet w skali makro.

The paper presents integration processes of informatic systems on the back-ground of analogical processes within integrated logistic systems. Showing the development of the complex systems of computer aided management the approach to integrated logistic systems was indicated. It means the necessity of integration within the enterprise, in the scale of logistic chain and even in the macro- scale.

Neural Networks for BIS

Expert Systems

and Neural Networks:

Business Applications

Jozef Zurada,

S. Srinivasan 

Artificial intelligent tools such as Expert Systems (ES) and Neural Networks (NN) help managers, engineers, and doctors to model and forecast future trends, determine marketing and financial strategies, and make decisions. The paper provides an overview of more prominent applications of expert systems and neural networks in the area of business, manufacturing, and medicine. The paper also gives a brief background of both technologies the advantages and drawbacks of each.

Tworzenie portfela

papierów wartościowych

z wykorzystaniem

sieci neuronowych

Karol Wituszyński

The main objective of this article is to show the application of neural networks to portfolio construction. Basic concepts associated with investment in securities were first defined. Next the architecture of uni-directional, non-linear neural networks we briefly discussed. The following step presented the model of a portfolio using neural networks. In conclusion, the experiment presented an attempt to build a portfolio of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. For comparative reasons, six portfolios were built. While constructing there of them, the described model of a portfolio based on neural networks was applied. The three remaining ones were created on the basis of Sharpe’s model. Portfolios based on neural networks, in all cases, gave better results than portfolios based on Sharpe’s one- index model.

Knowledge Based Systems for BIS

Odkrywanie wiedzy

dla systemów informacyjnych

zarządzania

Andrzej J. Baborski 

The paper deals with the principal methods of data mining. The methods described are of statistical and non- statistical nature. They comprise evaluation of information utility, frequency of data usage and statistical properties of data. Some peculiarities of Management Information Systems are described and the role of data mining vs. traditional elicitation is described. The paper has an overview character presenting current tendencies in application of data mining in management.

From Interoperation

to Cooperation:

How to Make Disparate Databases

Work Together

Mike Papazoglou

The rapidly accelerating rate of change in today’s information- based business environments coupled with increased global competition, makes corporations face new challenges in bringing their products and services to the market. Modern enterprises are increasingly dependent on the continuous flow of information of virtually every aspect of their operation. These factors results in an ever- increasing demand for globalization, streamlining of operations, and more importantly to a request for unified access to information resources that are distributed throughout a local or worldwide network. In this marketplace, enterprises must look for strategic advantages through computing infrastructures that are engineered for flexibility.

Cross-enterprise business-critical applications are networked applications of potential wide spread utility in medicine, manufacturing, design, banking, training, education, environmental management and so an. These pose major challenges for the development of technologies that will enable building enterprise-wide software systems. This paper presents an overview of technologies than enable the development of such networked applications based on distributed, interoperating database systems.

Integrating Executive

Information Systems

and Data Warehouses

Andreas Kurz,

A Min Tjoa

In the past Executive Support Systems or Executive Information Systems were developed as a mainframe computer- based applications for only a few users, the top- executives. Today’s generation of EIS are aimed to pass through the management hierarchies and deliver the information to a broadest audience. The main objective of an EIS is to support the daily management activities of decissionmakers, through an easy- to- use application. The decision making and planning process is a continuous cycle of adaptive learning. The based therefore is an enterprise- wide Data Warehouse. The primary objective of Web- enabled EIS’s are the improvement of the information delivery process, and the avoidance of barriers to information access.

Niektóre przesłanki

stosowania metod i narzędzi

systemów ekspertowych

w pewnych obszarach

zarządzania

Adam Kopiński,

Jacek Zabawa

Artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge processing are dynamically expanding scientific discipline, exerting an influence on development of various domains of intellectual and matter- of- fact activities of human. Al. Expands in domains of technique, economic, medicine, defense, and education. Al. Uses achievements of information technology, philosophy, linguistics etc. Its aim is to increase effectiveness of human’s work, mostly tasks connected with information processing, through realization of reasoning, associating, finding and discovering of phenomena, concepts and facts. The subject of authors’ consideration is application of methods and tools (expert system (ES) in particular) of AI in domain of management. The authors’ research included some domains of economics sciences such as finance management and controlling. Propositions for set of factors affecting evaluation of success of application of ES are also discussed.

Beyond the Logical Paradigm

in Business Processes Analysis

and Forecasting

Jacek Unold

The aim of this paper is pointing at some new aspects in business processes analysis, and new opportunities in forecasting. Future prospects of management development have been indicated, considering the latest experiences of word stocks markets. The research is based on the phenomenon of crowd behavior, which follows the common patterns found in Nature, thus making this approach go somewhat beyond the logical paradigm.

Generacja drzew decyzyjnych

Violetta Galant

Much different formalism can represent the knowledge. This paper was described the decision tree representation. Besides the most popular decision tree learning algorithms this paper presents GIMS system (Generalization by Inductive Symbolic Method) that was developed by author of the paper. In this system in order to generate a decision tree Czerwiński coefficient of attributes association was applied. The GIMS system was tested and compared with a well- known decision tree learning Quinlan’s system C4.5.

Quality Managment

Data Collection and Transformation

for Process Analysis

and Quality Improvement

Romuald I. Zalewski 

The author presents quality improvement tools used in quality assurance systems (ISO 9000) and the Deming cycle, which, in connection with SPC methods, allows quality improvement of products and services. Special emphasis is laid on experimental design, including the Taguchi method, which is relatively unknown in Poland. Experimental design methods belong to the next generation of SPC tools and must be used for better process monitoring and continuous improvement.

The Subject of Software

Quality Engineering

Barbara Begier

The paper presents the background of the software quality engineering field. In the age of a global market and growing competition, a quality terminology along with quality management standards have been introduced. Software quality characteristic and the ability to provide it using modern design environments are described. Applying software quality standards needs knowledge about the recommended documents and procedures. New software quality models are still to be developed.

Experiences with Automated Testing

Richard Kasperowski

Commercial software companies develop and market large, complex software systems. Major releases and maintenance updates are distributed at high frequency, as often as once per month. With neither enough time nor enough people to test the software before shipping it to customers, how can you deliver a high quality product? The answer is to use a testing strategy to achieve 100% feature coverage and to automate as much testing as possible.

Business process reengineering

PROSECCO - Eine Methode

zur modellbasierten

Anwendungssystemgestaltung

Jörg Ritter 

Standardized business application systems such as SAP’s R/3 system are build more and more out of small software components. This is of course a problem from the software architectural view but this is not considered here. We are focusing on the users view of software components. Users want to know how to configure components easily so that they fit best to their business processes. We propose a method for components configuration that involves all parties of the software supply chain- software engineers, consultants and customers- and expose which requirements software engineering must fulfill on documenting components.

An I&CT model for Site Management

in Construction Projects

Evren B. Eren

Compared to other industries, information and communication structures in the construction sector are still underdeveloped, thought technologies and infrastructures are available. In particular, the use of information and communication technologies (I&CT) at the production level, i.e. on the construction site, is weak when compared to design and planning phases in construction projects. One reason for this is the non- deterministic nature of construction site processes which impose particular requirements to core management processes such as problem management, progress monitoring and change management. Information management as an underlying process to the core processes tacks in appropriate systems for data acquisition, collection and distribution. This paper presents a generic I&CT concept for the support of these processes within construction site management based on comprehensive studies of recent literature and use of results from numerous company interviews.

Is Business Process Reengineering

Worthless?

Janusz Wielki

The paper attempts to assess reengineering usefulness as method of implementing radical changes in organizational performance. Objections to BPR that have most frequently appeared in various publications are gathered and evaluated in this article. On these grounds suggestions and conclusions have been inferred.

Metodyka standardowa

a aspekt praktyczny

wdrażania zintegrowanych

systemów informatycznych

klasy MRPII

Jerzy Majewski

The paper contains experience gathered during observing the process of implementation of an MRPII class system in a selected enterprise, in which the MRPII method has not been known so far. The classical methods of the system implementation has been confronted with its real among the future users of the system.

In the result of a few- months research monitoring implementation process, a number of interesting observations has been made, some of which are introduced in the paper. Those observations confirm the fact, that the implementation of MRPII class system is not a computerization, but an organizational issue, requiring good knowledge of processes occurring in an enterprise, ability to their optimization (e.g. utilizing BPR- Business Process Reengineering techniques), localization and overcoming numerous psychological objections as well as careful utilization of an flexible methods of implementation.

Conclusions contained in the paper have been formed basing on the implementation problems observed in the enterprise even before starting MRP modules in the system.

Data Base Technology for BIS

Projektowanie baz temporalnych

z wykorzystaniem pakietu

TDBAdviser

Krzysztof Hauke,

Mieczysław Owoc,

Janusz Tyburcy,

Saeed Al-Dobai

Computer supported management, when the need of using historical data appears, applying of temporal data base approach seems to be necessary. Designing of such kind of databases is the nontrivial task, taking into account different methods of database logical structure creation, specially when time attributes occur as table keys or indexes. In the paper, features of supporting chosen procedures of temporal databases designing are presented using TDBAdviser - an expert system developed by authors. Usability of the tool is proved by examples representing: Staff, Tourism and Study.

SQL3 jako wszechstronny

język dostępu

do dowolnych baz danych

Leszek A. Maciaszek,

Mieczysław L. Owoc

Contemporary databases, offering almost limitless features of compound data structures, need adequate communication means. SQL is such sort of language with universal communication abilities. The paper presents features of SQL-3 version as post- relational database access tool in the context of data base development tendencies. Specially, abilities of commands time-, object and logic-oriented of the language are demonstrated.

Introducing Temporal Business Rules

into Relational Databases

Tadeusz Pankowski

Traditional method for data and process modeling are sufficient for information systems implemented in an environment of passive database management systems. They are not satisfactory for applications that require dynamic, time- and event- dependent control over their processes. The commonly used methodologies which are data- or function-oriented are inadequate. Thus, a new mechanism with deductive properties, called active rule, has been developed. This paper shows how a class of time- dependent business rules may be incorporated into a relational database system. An extensions to the relational data model is discussed and a method for specification and detection of composite events is proposed.

A Reusable Database Engine

for Accounting Arithmetic

Colin James

Report Accounts [RA] is a reusable, core, database engine for accounting arithmetic. Recent advances in business information systems are:

 1.  How to map the attributes, objects, and classes od accounting arithmetic directly into relational columns, rows, and tables.

 2. How to encode user- defined transaction logic into a single table; and

 3. How to coerce nonprocedural SQL to perform the procedural processes of accounting arithmetic.

Optymalizacja fragmentacji,

alokacji i replikacji

w rozproszonych bazach danych

Maciej Kiedrowicz

Modeling and solving to problem of allocation, fragmentation and replication of distributed databases considered. The problem is formulated as a multicriterion binary linear mathematical problem. Many forms of the problem formulated are proposed. Well known methods of solving binary linear problem can be used for the problem. The simulation experiment for selecting solution hardy for any disturbance is considered as well.

Electronic Data Interchange and Electronic Commerce

Elektroniczna Wymiana Dokumentacji

a Elektroniczny Handel

- identyfikacja problemu

Radosław Świerczyński 

The paper presents the new technology of information and its place in informatics market. These are Electronic Date Interchange and Electronic Commerce. The paper includes some definitions which are helpful for end user in getting acquainted with the newest technology of exchanging information. There have been also included the fundamental information concerning standardization processes in both EDI and EC fields.

Środowisko telekomunikacyjne na potrzeby EDI

i Electronic Commerce

Katarzyna Lange-Sadzińska,

Konrad Maksymilian Woźniacki

In this report there have been introduced main aspects concerning telecommunication environment for EDI and Electronic Commerce. The fundamental elements of this environment are teleinformatical networks, which enable exchanging of data between partners of the communication. After the short characteristic of the main teleinformatical network standards and the telecommunication protocols, some examples of technical realization of the data transfer have been presented.

The alternate element directly connected with networks and influencing the data exchange environment, is the kind and quality of service offered by network operators. We have also presented accessibility of these services in physical and economical sense.

Another very important and extensive problem is data transfer security. This report includes main aspects of security required by EDI and EC.

Organizacja procesów standaryzacyjnych EDI

Marian Niedźwiedziński

The paper presents standardization problems in EDI. There were discussed regional and global bodies and levels of standardization processes. Standardization procedures were presented.

Projektowanie komunikatów i procedur w systemach EDI

Agnieszka Grudzińska-Kuna,

Jarosław Zając

This article presents information concerning designing messages and procedures for EDI. There have also been shown possibilities of using modern IT (e.g. CASE tools) for designing messages and procedures for EDI in it.

Wykorzystanie komunikacji elektronicznej w Służbie Zdrowia

Konrad Szymański

The paper presents the scope of introducing electronic communication into Healt Core. The have been presented possibilities of using EDI communication in setting medical services accounts. The article describes also project of medical EDI, which are being designed in Poland and other countries.

Przegląd elektronicznych systemów płatności

Małgorzata Ziemecka

The article explains an influence of electronic payments on the electronic trade environments. It presents the advantages of introducing electronical payments, and different methods of setting these payments.

EDI w praktyce - przykłady systemów EDI wdrożonych w Polsce

- tendencje rozwojowe

Jan Durkiewicz

The paper presents several examples of the electronic data interchange (EDI) implementations in Poland based on the experience of the company Edipol. The conditions and effects of this implementations are discussed. The tendencies in the development of EDI, according to the view of the author, are also presented.

Computerization of Didactic Processes at Universities

Zintegrowany system komputerowego wspomagania zarządzania

dla elastycznego systemu studiów trzystopniowych

Tomasz Traczyk,

Krzysztof Antoszkiewicz,

Zdzisław Mączeński 

The system of studies at the Faculty of Electronics and Technology has been being restructured for several years.

Three-level flexible system has been introduced, with under-graduate (Eng.), graduate (M.Sc.), and post- graduate (Ph.D.) levels. Main ideas of the restructured system are described in the paper.

Effective management of teaching process at the large academic faculty (about 3000 students) is not possible without computer support. Complex software system has been designed and implemented at the Faculty. Special attention has been paid to information function of the system, with extensive WWW services. The paper specifies main function of the system and our plans of future developed.

Management information system for the Faculty has been designed and developed using modern CASE software, developments tools and RDBMS from Oracle. Broad usage of CASE method and automatic software generation makes the system flexible and easy to maintain. The paper summaries main assumptions of design and development methodology.

Informatyzacja zapisów na przedmioty ogólnouczelniane

w Politechnice Wrocławskiej

Piotr Cysewski,

Olgierd Unold

This paper describes efficient software and organizational method of registration for the courses of studies at the Wroclaw University of Technology.

Informatyzacja dydaktyki w SGGW

- Od RIAD'a do ALPHA'y

Maria Trampczyńska

The start of informatization of didactics at Warsaw Agricultural University took place at 1978, when the computer RIAD was installed. Because of its quite complicate service and maintenance, it was available for students use on a limited scale. Revolution in informatics at seventies, wide opening to the world and its newest technologies at nineties and considerable equipment purchase allowed our students to use all possibilities due to modern computers, modern computer nets and access to INTERNET. Programs concerning teaching of the students at Warsaw Agricultural University using computer systems will be presented in this paper.

Informatyzacja wyższej uczelni

z etapem przejściowym

Olgierd Unold

This paper presents the established general assumption of the computerization of the Wroclaw University of Technology. The so- called transitional stage approach to computerization enables the university to build and put into practice the university- oriented software step by step. A brief overview of the „state- of- the- art.” Results is included.

Wykorzystanie narzędzi informatycznych w procesie dydaktycznym

Bolesław Borkowski,

Arkadiusz Orłowski

Enormous progress in computer technology including both hardware and software, has direct and significant impact on almost all branches of human activity. Also students are challenged to face problems caused by an invasion of computer- related applications. As a consequence, computer sciences have found a permanent position within most of the professional curricula provided by universities. However an efficient and effective teaching of such a quickly changing and rapidly evolving field is a nontrivial task. It is especially true with respect to agricultural universities where teaching of computer sciences should be carefully tailored for the specific needs of students. Also, often a rather modest initial background of some students should be taken into account. In this paper we present our views and experiences related to teaching of different aspects of computer sciences at Warsaw Agricultural University. We share our observations and encountered problems and try to t provide a coherent picture of our efforts in maintaining a high level of teaching. Some details regarding the content of the material we present to students are also given.

Tools for BIS

System zarządzania konferencją BIS'98

Tadeusz Tomaszewski,

Mahmoud Fagir,

Adam Kuliński,

Grzegorz Przerwa,

Remigiusz Stanisławek

This article explains organization of the conference Business Information Systems (BIS’98). It shows how to formulate and automate processes related with the Conference using simple WWW based tools.

7th International Conference BIS 2004